Clinical analysis of color change and tooth sensitivity to violet LED during bleaching treatment: A case series with split-mouth design.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze bleaching treatment performed with different products, with or without the use of Violet LED. METHODS: The color and dental sensitivity of six patients were evaluated as follows: (1)at-home bleaching with 10% Carbamide Peroxide (CP); (2)in-office bleaching with 17.5% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP), and (3)treatment with a placebo gel. All patients, including patients receiving at-home bleaching, received irradiation with violet LED in the office. The right hemiarch was protect with silicone. The color was evaluated using Vita Easyshade digital spectrophotometer and the Vita scale on teeth 13-23. Visual analog scale sensitivity analysis was performed per hemiarch, while the thermal sensation threshold was performed on teeth 11, 13, 21 and 23. RESULTS: Regarding the color change (ΔE) it can be observed that treatment 1, in which 10%CP was used, presented the highest values, followed by treatment 2, in which 17.5%HP was used. Regarding sensitivity, only patients who received 17.5%HP showed moderate sensitivity, and there was no difference between the arches. The analysis of dental thermal sensation threshold showed that there was more dental sensitization between 7 and 14 days and that the use of violet LED made the teeth more sensitive. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that violet LED enhanced the bleaching effect when used with 10%PC gels, and a discreet effect was seen when used either in conjunction with 17.5%PH or alone. Violet LED had no effect on pain sensation, but increased the detection threshold of thermal changes in the teeth that were irradiated.

Influence of different types of light curing units and photoinitiators in microhardness and color of composite resins after immersion in wine / Influencia dos diferentes tipos de unidade fotoativadoras e fotoiniciadores na microdureza e cor de resinas compostas após imersão em vinho

Objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the microhardness and color change (∆E) of composite resins, that were light-cured with different LEDs, after being immersed in a staining drink. Material and Methods: Two composite resins with Lucerin-TPO (Tetric N-Ceram/ Vit-l-escence) and camphorquinone (Filtek Z350) were selected. The specimens (n=120) were prepared and lightcured with LED of monowave or polywave lightemitting diode (LED) devices. Microhardness and color evaluations were measured before and after immersion in staining drink. Microhardness data were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis test, MannWhitney and Wilcoxon tests. Color changes were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Results: No statistically significant difference between the two generations of LEDs was found for microhardness data. Regarding the ∆E, a statistical difference between the two LEDs was observed for Tetric NCeram and Filtek Z350. Conclusion: The compostion of composites appears to have more influence on analyses than the type of LEDs used. A decreased microhardness occurred to Vit-lescence for monowave and to Filtek Z350 for both LED devices. A clinically perceptible color change was observed for Tetric-N Ceram and Filtek Z350 when polywave LED were used. (AU)

Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi aviliar a microdureza e alteração de cor (∆E) de resinas compostas, fotoativadas com diferentes LEDs, imergidas em bebidas pigmetadas. Material e métodos: Duas resinas compostas com Lucerina-TPO (Tetric N-Ceram/ VIt-l-essence) e canforoquinona (Filtek Z350) foram selecionadas. Os espécimes (n=120) foram preparados. Os mesmos foram fotopolimerizados com LED monowave ou polywave. Microdureza e cor foram avaliadas antes e após a imersão em bebidas pigmentadas. Os dados de microdureza foram avaliados pelos testes de Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. As alterações de cor foram avaliadas por análise de variância a dois critérios (ANOVA) e Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Não foi encontrada diferença estatística entre as duas gerações de LEDs, para os dados da microdureza. Quanto ao ∆E, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois LEDs, sendo observadas na Tetric N-Ceram na FIltek Z350. Conclusão: A composição das resinas compostas parece ter mais influencia nas análises do que o tipo de LEDs. Uma redução na microdureza ocorreu para Vit-lescence para monowave e para Filtek Z350 para ambos os dispositivos LED. Uma mudança de cor clinicamente perceptível foi observada em Tetric-N Ceram para polywave e Filtek Z350 para ambos os dispositivos LED. (AU)

Influência da contaminação e das formas de limpeza na resistência de união do cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina no tecido dentinário / Influence of contamination and cleaning methods on bond strength of resin modified glass ionomer cement in dentin tissue

O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da contaminação do tecido dentinário e dos métodos normalmente empregados na limpeza do substrato sobre a resistência de união obtida na interface cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina (CIVMR)/dentina. Para tanto, os 168 dentes bovinos foram desgastados até o tecido dentinário divididos em doze grupos (n=14), de acordo com o agente contaminante e a técnica de limpeza, sendo: NN - sem contaminação (N) e sem limpeza do substrato (N); NA - sem contaminação (N) e limpeza com spray ar/água (A); NP - sem contaminação (N) e limpeza com ácido poliacrílico 26% (P); SaN - contaminação por saliva (Sa) e sem limpeza do substrato (N); SaA - contaminação por saliva (Sa) e limpeza do substrato com spray ar/água (A); SaP - contaminação por saliva (Sa) e limpeza do substrato com ácido poliacrílico 26% (P); SgN - contaminação por sangue (Sg) e sem limpeza do substrato (N); SgA - contaminação por sangue (Sg) e limpeza do substrato com spray ar/água (A); SgP - contaminação por sangue (Sg) e limpeza do substrato com ácido poliacrílico 26% (P); HN - contaminação por agente hemostático (H) e sem limpeza do substrato (N); HA - contaminação por agente hemostático (H) e limpeza do substrato com spray ar/água (A); HP - contaminação por agente hemostático (H) e limpeza do substrato com ácido poliacrílico 26% (P). Todos os espécimes foram restaurados com o material ionomérico encapsulado Riva Light Cure (SDI) e, posteriormente foram obtidos palitos de aproximadamente 1,0 x 1,0mm, submetidos ao teste de microtração antes e após a realização de 10000 ciclos ciclagem térmicos (CT). Os fragmentos foram analisados quanto ao padrão de fratura e os espécimes representativos de cada grupo levados à microscopia eletrônica de varredura a um aumento de 1.000x. Os valores foram submetidos à ANOVA dois fatores e pós-teste de Tukey para dados paramétricos e Kruskal Wallis e pós-teste Holm-Sidak para não paramétricos (α=0,05). Na análise imediata todos os grupos contaminados sem limpeza tiveram menores valores de adesão, quando comparados ao controle. Na contaminação por saliva, o grupo que não recebeu nenhuma limpeza e o grupo lavado com spray ar/água apresentaram os menores valores de resistência de união, no entanto o grupo recondicionado apresentou valores semelhantes ao controle. Analisando a contaminação por sangue no tempo imediato, os tratamentos propostos não foram tão efetivos na limpeza do substrato. Já nos grupos contaminados por hemostático o recondicionado foi semelhante ao grupo controle. Após a CT, nos grupos contaminados sem limpeza apenas o hemostático foi semelhante ao controle. Já os grupos contaminados por saliva, mantiveram o mesmo padrão da análise imediata. E os contaminados por sangue que receberam limpeza foram semelhantes ao controle, que apresentou redução significativa no seu valor diferentemente do tempo imediato. Por fim na contaminação por hemostático todos os grupos foram semelhantes entre si. Concluiu-se que os agentes contaminantes testados prejudicaram a adesão imediata do material ionomérico ao substrato dentinário. O recondicionamento do substrato foi efetivo para as contaminações de saliva e agente hemostático e que a resistência de união do material à dentina foi reduzida após o envelhecimento(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the contamination of the dentin tissue and the methods normally employed in the cleaning of the substrate on the bond strength obtained at the resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) / dentin interface. For this purpose, 168 bovine teeth were selected, which were worn to dentin tissue, and were then divided into twelve groups (n = 14), according to the contaminating agent and the cleaning technique: NN - without contamination (N) and without substrate cleaning (N); NW - no contamination (N) and spray / water cleaning (W); NP - without contamination (N) and cleaning with 26% polyacrylic acid (P); SaN - contamination by saliva (Sa) and without substrate cleaning (N); SaW - saliva contamination (Sa) and spray / water substrate cleaning (W); SaP - saliva contamination (Sa) and substrate cleaning with 26% polyacrylic acid (P); BN - blood contamination (B) and no substrate cleaning (N); BW - blood contamination (B) and cleaning the substrate with spray / water (W); BP - blood contamination (B) and substrate cleaning with 26% polyacrylic acid (P); HN - contamination by hemostatic agent (H) and without cleaning of the substrate (N); HW - hemostatic agent contamination (H) and spray / water substrate cleaning (W); HP - hemostatic agent contamination (H) and substrate cleaning with 26% polyacrylic acid (P). All specimens were restored with the Riva Light Cure (SDI) encapsulated ionomeric material and, afterwards, sticks of approximately 1.0 x 1.0mm were obtained, submitted to the microtraining test before and after performing 10000 thermal cycling (TC). The fragments were analyzed for the fracture pattern and the representative specimens of each group were taken by scanning electron microscopy at a magnification of 1000x. Values were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test for parametric data and Kruskal Wallis and Holm-Sidak post-test for non-parametric (α = 0.05). In the immediate analysis all the groups contaminated without cleaning had lower values of adhesion, when compared to the control. In the saliva contamination, the group that did not receive any cleaning and the group washed with air / water spray had the lowest values of bond strength, however the refurbished group presented similar values to the control. Analyzing the contamination by blood in the immediate time, the proposed treatments were not as effective in cleaning the substrate. Already in the groups contaminated by hemostatic the reconditioning was similar to the control group. After TC, in the contaminated groups without cleaning, only the hemostatic was similar to the control. The groups contaminated by saliva, however, maintained the same pattern of immediate analysis. And those contaminated by blood that received cleaning were similar to the control, which presented significant reduction in its value differently from the immediate time. Finally in hemostatic contamination all groups were similar to each other. It was concluded that the contaminating agents tested impaired the immediate adhesion of the ionomeric material to the dentin substrate. Substrate reconditioning was effective for saliva and hemostatic contaminations and the bond strength of the material to the dentin was reduced after aging(AU)